061-283-6003 (SL2) - Adjust Indirect Fire
Standards: Determined the target location to within 250 meters
of its actual location. The initial call for fire was made within 3 minutes
after the target was identified. Adjustments were sent within 45 seconds after
each round impacted. Observer entered the fire-for-effect phase using no more
than six rounds (initial round plus five for adjustment). Fire for effect was
within 50 meters of the target using successive bracketing procedures (or
creeping fire if danger close).
Posted : Monday, January 01, 2000 Updated 14 March 2012
Conditions:
Given a pair of binoculars, a radio, a compass, pencils, a coordinate scale, a map
of the target area, a target to engage within the area, and grid location of
friendly troops.
Standards:
Determined the target location to within 250 meters of its actual location. The initial
call for fire was made within 3 minutes after the target was identified. Adjustments
were sent within 45 seconds after each round impacted. Observer entered the
fire-for-effect phase using no more than six rounds (initial round plus five for
adjustment). Fire for effect was within 50 meters of the target using successive
bracketing procedures (or creeping fire if danger close).
Performance Steps
1. Locate the target within 250 meters of the actual target location.
a. Locate the target by grid coordinates.
b. Determine the direction from your position to the target.
c. Formulate a call for fire. Include the elements of the call for fire in sequence.
(1) Observer identification (your call sign).
(2) Warning order (adjust fire).
(3) Location of target.
(4) Description of the target (for example"INFANTRY PLATOON IN THE OPEN").
(5) Method of engagement (may be omitted if area fire is desired).
(a) If the target is within 600 meters of friendly troops, announce "DANGER CLOSE"
to the fire direction center (FDC) in the initial call for fire, in the
method of engagement phase.
(b) Use creeping procedures to adjust danger close fire. Range corrections should NOT exceed 100 meters.
(c) Initial target location is reported on the enemy side of the target.
(6) Method of fire control.
Note: The request for a fire mission would be similar to figure 061-283-6003-1.
Standards: Determined the target location to within 250 meters
of its actual location. The initial call for fire was made within 3 minutes
after the target was identified. Adjustments were sent within 45 seconds after
each round impacted. Observer entered the fire-for-effect phase using no more
than six rounds (initial round plus five for adjustment). Fire for effect was
within 50 meters of the target using successive bracketing procedures (or
creeping fire if danger close).
Posted : Monday, January 01, 2000 Updated 14 March 2012
Conditions:
Given a pair of binoculars, a radio, a compass, pencils, a coordinate scale, a map
of the target area, a target to engage within the area, and grid location of
friendly troops.
Standards:
Determined the target location to within 250 meters of its actual location. The initial
call for fire was made within 3 minutes after the target was identified. Adjustments
were sent within 45 seconds after each round impacted. Observer entered the
fire-for-effect phase using no more than six rounds (initial round plus five for
adjustment). Fire for effect was within 50 meters of the target using successive
bracketing procedures (or creeping fire if danger close).
Performance Steps
1. Locate the target within 250 meters of the actual target location.
a. Locate the target by grid coordinates.
b. Determine the direction from your position to the target.
c. Formulate a call for fire. Include the elements of the call for fire in sequence.
(1) Observer identification (your call sign).
(2) Warning order (adjust fire).
(3) Location of target.
(4) Description of the target (for example"INFANTRY PLATOON IN THE OPEN").
(5) Method of engagement (may be omitted if area fire is desired).
(a) If the target is within 600 meters of friendly troops, announce "DANGER CLOSE"
to the fire direction center (FDC) in the initial call for fire, in the
method of engagement phase.
(b) Use creeping procedures to adjust danger close fire. Range corrections should NOT exceed 100 meters.
(c) Initial target location is reported on the enemy side of the target.
(6) Method of fire control.
Note: The request for a fire mission would be similar to figure 061-283-6003-1.
Figure 061-283-6003-1. Initial Fire Request
2. Transmit the call for fire to the FDC within three minutes of target identification.
a. Conduct three transmissions.
(1) Send observer identification and warning order.Example:"
A4Z57, THIS IS G3H71, ADJUST FIRE, OVER."
(2) Send target location.Example:
"GRID NG180513, OVER."
(Give the six-digit grid of the target, with the grid zone identifier,
to within 250 meters of the actual target location.)
(3) Send target description, method of engagement, method of fire and control.Example:
"INFANTRY IN THE OPEN, ICM IN EFFECT, OVER."
b.Give the direction to the target within 100 mils (M2 compass)
or five degrees (lensatic compass) or give an accurate cardinal
direction (no compass available) of the actual target location. This
should be sent before the first correction, or with the first correction.
3. Adjust rounds to within 50 meters of the target, within 45 seconds of the impact
of each adjusting round.
a. Spot each round when it impacts as right or left, over or
short of your target.
b.Determine corrections for deviation left or right of the target.
Note: Measure deviation. Measure the horizontal angle in mils,
using the reticle pattern in the binoculars or hand measurement of
angular deviation. Estimate the range to the target and divide by 1,000.
This is the observer-target (OT) factor. If the OT distance is 1,000
meters or greater, the OT factor is expressed to the nearest whole number.
If the OT distance is less than 1,000 meters, the OT factor is expressed to
the nearest 1/10th. For example, 800 = 0.8. Multiplying the OT factor by the
deviation measured in mils produces deviation corrections in meters.
c. When the first range spotting is observed, make a range
correction that would result in a range spotting in the opposite
direction. For example, if the first round is short, add enough to get an
over on the next round. This is called successive bracketing
(figure 061-283-6003-2). Figure 061-283-6003-3
shows the impact of the initial round. The target is 2100 meters
away. Since the round is beyond the target, you must drop.
You estimate that the round is 250 meters beyond the target.
Therefore, you must drop 400 meters to start successive
bracketing procedures. The round impacted 50 mils left of the
target. With an OT factor of 2, the round impacted 100 meters left.
Your correction to the FDC is
"RIGHT 100-DROP 400-OVER."
WARNING:
DO NOT BRACKET when DANGER CLOSE, it could result in friendly casualties, use the creeping fire procedure
(all corrections are 100 meters or less)
2. Transmit the call for fire to the FDC within three minutes of target identification.
a. Conduct three transmissions.
(1) Send observer identification and warning order.Example:"
A4Z57, THIS IS G3H71, ADJUST FIRE, OVER."
(2) Send target location.Example:
"GRID NG180513, OVER."
(Give the six-digit grid of the target, with the grid zone identifier,
to within 250 meters of the actual target location.)
(3) Send target description, method of engagement, method of fire and control.Example:
"INFANTRY IN THE OPEN, ICM IN EFFECT, OVER."
b.Give the direction to the target within 100 mils (M2 compass)
or five degrees (lensatic compass) or give an accurate cardinal
direction (no compass available) of the actual target location. This
should be sent before the first correction, or with the first correction.
3. Adjust rounds to within 50 meters of the target, within 45 seconds of the impact
of each adjusting round.
a. Spot each round when it impacts as right or left, over or
short of your target.
b.Determine corrections for deviation left or right of the target.
Note: Measure deviation. Measure the horizontal angle in mils,
using the reticle pattern in the binoculars or hand measurement of
angular deviation. Estimate the range to the target and divide by 1,000.
This is the observer-target (OT) factor. If the OT distance is 1,000
meters or greater, the OT factor is expressed to the nearest whole number.
If the OT distance is less than 1,000 meters, the OT factor is expressed to
the nearest 1/10th. For example, 800 = 0.8. Multiplying the OT factor by the
deviation measured in mils produces deviation corrections in meters.
c. When the first range spotting is observed, make a range
correction that would result in a range spotting in the opposite
direction. For example, if the first round is short, add enough to get an
over on the next round. This is called successive bracketing
(figure 061-283-6003-2). Figure 061-283-6003-3
shows the impact of the initial round. The target is 2100 meters
away. Since the round is beyond the target, you must drop.
You estimate that the round is 250 meters beyond the target.
Therefore, you must drop 400 meters to start successive
bracketing procedures. The round impacted 50 mils left of the
target. With an OT factor of 2, the round impacted 100 meters left.
Your correction to the FDC is
"RIGHT 100-DROP 400-OVER."
WARNING:
DO NOT BRACKET when DANGER CLOSE, it could result in friendly casualties, use the creeping fire procedure
(all corrections are 100 meters or less)
Figure 061-283-6003-2.Successive Bracketing
Figure 061-283-6003-3.Impact of Initial Round
d. Continue splitting the range bracket until a 100-meter
bracket is split or range correct spotting is observed,
maintaining deviation on line. (Figure 061-283-6003-4
and 061-283-6003-5 show the next adjustments).
d. Continue splitting the range bracket until a 100-meter
bracket is split or range correct spotting is observed,
maintaining deviation on line. (Figure 061-283-6003-4
and 061-283-6003-5 show the next adjustments).
Figure 061-283-6003-4.Second Round
Figure 061-283-6003-5.Third Round
e. Transmit corrections to the FDC in meters. The initial correction should bracket the target in range.
The adjustment phase of a fire mission would resemble the example shown in figure 061-283-6003-6.
Deviation correction should be made to keep the rounds on the observer target line.
e. Transmit corrections to the FDC in meters. The initial correction should bracket the target in range.
The adjustment phase of a fire mission would resemble the example shown in figure 061-283-6003-6.
Deviation correction should be made to keep the rounds on the observer target line.
Figure 061-283-6003-6.Adjustment Phasse
f. Use the following guide to establish a bracket. When the estimated round impact distance to the target is-
(1) More than 400 meters, add or drop 800 meters.
(2) More than 200 but less than 400 meters, add or drop 400 meters.
(3) More than 100 but less than 200 meters, add or drop 200 meters.
(4) Less than 100 meters, add or drop 100 meters.
(5) Add or drop 50 meters and announce fire for effect.
4. Initiate fire for effect. When a 100-meter bracket is split or a range correct spotting
is made, the fire-for-effect phase is entered (figure 061-283-6003-7). Figure 061-283-6003-8
shows a simulated pattern that might be observed in the fire-for-effect phase and the
observed results of fire for effect are reported.
f. Use the following guide to establish a bracket. When the estimated round impact distance to the target is-
(1) More than 400 meters, add or drop 800 meters.
(2) More than 200 but less than 400 meters, add or drop 400 meters.
(3) More than 100 but less than 200 meters, add or drop 200 meters.
(4) Less than 100 meters, add or drop 100 meters.
(5) Add or drop 50 meters and announce fire for effect.
4. Initiate fire for effect. When a 100-meter bracket is split or a range correct spotting
is made, the fire-for-effect phase is entered (figure 061-283-6003-7). Figure 061-283-6003-8
shows a simulated pattern that might be observed in the fire-for-effect phase and the
observed results of fire for effect are reported.
Figure 061-283-6003-7.Fourth Round
Figure 061-283-6003-8.Fire for Effect Pattern
5. Observe the results of fire for effect, transmit refinements (if necessary), and provide end
of mission and surveillance (figure 061-283-6003-9).
a. Determine the effects on the target.
b. Give a brief description of what happened to the target. Example:
"EOM, TARGET DESTROYED, ESTIMATE TWO CAUSALITIES, OVER."
5. Observe the results of fire for effect, transmit refinements (if necessary), and provide end
of mission and surveillance (figure 061-283-6003-9).
a. Determine the effects on the target.
b. Give a brief description of what happened to the target. Example:
"EOM, TARGET DESTROYED, ESTIMATE TWO CAUSALITIES, OVER."
Figure 061-283-6003-9.End of Mission
Evaluation Preparation:
Setup:
Ensure that a target is readily identifiable to the soldier and the required equipment is
present and operational. The evaluator must know the grid location, direction, and
distance to the target that will be used.
Brief :
Soldier: Identify the target to the soldier. Tell the soldier he must enter the fire-for-effect phase using no more than
six rounds (initial round plus five for adjustment). Fire for effect must be within 50 meters of the target, using
successive bracketing procedures. The initial call for fire must be made within 3 minutes after the target has been
identified. Adjustments must be sent within 45 seconds after each round impacts.
Note:
Ensure that the soldier understands exactly what is expected of him, but do not help him in any way.
Performance Measures GO NO
GO
1. Located the target to within 250 meters of the ___ ___
actual target location.
2. Transmitted the call for fire to the FDC within ___ ___
three minutes of target identification.
3. Adjusted rounds to within 50 meters of the ___ ___
target, within 45 seconds of the impact of
each adjusting round.
4. Entered the fire for effect phase when a ___ ___
100-meter bracket was split, or when a
range correct spotting was obtained.
5. Observed the results of fire for effect, transmitted ___ ___
refinements (if necessary), and provided end of
mission and surveillance.
Evaluation:
Guidance: Score the soldier GO if all
performance measures are passed. Score the
soldier NO GO if any performance measure is
failed. If the soldier fails any performance
measure, show what was done wrong and how to
do it correctly.
References
Required Related
FM 3-90.30
Evaluation Preparation:
Setup:
Ensure that a target is readily identifiable to the soldier and the required equipment is
present and operational. The evaluator must know the grid location, direction, and
distance to the target that will be used.
Brief :
Soldier: Identify the target to the soldier. Tell the soldier he must enter the fire-for-effect phase using no more than
six rounds (initial round plus five for adjustment). Fire for effect must be within 50 meters of the target, using
successive bracketing procedures. The initial call for fire must be made within 3 minutes after the target has been
identified. Adjustments must be sent within 45 seconds after each round impacts.
Note:
Ensure that the soldier understands exactly what is expected of him, but do not help him in any way.
Performance Measures GO NO
GO
1. Located the target to within 250 meters of the ___ ___
actual target location.
2. Transmitted the call for fire to the FDC within ___ ___
three minutes of target identification.
3. Adjusted rounds to within 50 meters of the ___ ___
target, within 45 seconds of the impact of
each adjusting round.
4. Entered the fire for effect phase when a ___ ___
100-meter bracket was split, or when a
range correct spotting was obtained.
5. Observed the results of fire for effect, transmitted ___ ___
refinements (if necessary), and provided end of
mission and surveillance.
Evaluation:
Guidance: Score the soldier GO if all
performance measures are passed. Score the
soldier NO GO if any performance measure is
failed. If the soldier fails any performance
measure, show what was done wrong and how to
do it correctly.
References
Required Related
FM 3-90.30